Draw-gear and buffing apparatus.



No. 649,|89. Paented May 8, i900. H. H.\WESTINGHUUSE F. OBE.

DRAW GEAR AND BUFFING APPRATUS.

(Application led Feb. 1, 1900.? `@No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheen l,

.f my

MNM

md/ u A w@@@ A.. y a

v a. H.

No; 649,139. Patnmmay a, |900. H, H. wEsTmHnusE & F. moons. A DRAW GEAR AND BUFFN APPARATUS.

(Application filed Feb. 1, 1900.1 .,(N Hedel.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

if-' ,24e

. l IL- All/ HENRY HERMAN WESTlNGlIOUSE AND FRANK MOORE, OF PITTSBURG,

PENNSYLVANIA.

,DRAW-GEAR AND BUF'FiNG APPARATUS'.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 649,189, dated May 8, 1900.

Original application filed March 3l, 1,899,Serial No.71L268. Divided and this application filed February l, 1900. Serial No, 3,586. (No model.)

To all whom it may concer/L: 13e it known that WeJ'IENRY-Hnnnan W INGHOUsE and FRANK MOORE, of Pittsburg,

Ain the county oi Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain 'new and house under date of January 23, 1899, Serial The object of our invention is to provide an apparatus of such general classjin which the secondary resistance elementt shall be adapted to aord any desired degl-ee of sec-v ondary or final resistance and be readily adaptable to service on cars of standard construction. n

The improvement claimed is hereinafter .fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical longitudinal central section through a draft and buiiing apparatus, illustrating an embodiment of our invention; Fig. 2, a plan or top view, partly in section, of the same; Fig. 3, a transverse section at the line tra: of Fig. 1; Fig. Ll, a partial longitudinal section illustrating a diii'erent form of release-port'v Fig. 5, a horizontal section at the line y y ot Fig. Ll;` Fig. @,Ya vertical longitudinal section illustrating a structurallymodified form; Fig. 7, a plan o`r top view of the same, and Fig. 8 a transverse section at the line .e .e of Fig. 6.

In the practice of our invention we provide, as in our application, Serial No. 711,268, tiled March 31, 1899, of which this application isa division, a preliminary spring resistance element, a secondary hydrostaticpressure resistance element, and means for independently and successively exerting strain upon said preliminary and secondary resistance elements. Our present invention While emment between lower transverse bars'ela, se-

cured to the lower dan ges o the center sills 5, and an upper bar or bars 2l, secured to he upper flanges thereof. The piston 23 is fitted to traverse in the middle portion of the cylinder 24, which is bored out truly to receive it, and is secured upon a piston-rod 19, the outer end of which is connected to the inner end of the draw-bar. In the instance 4 shown the piston-rod 19ll is secured to a block 19f, which is in turn secured by a bolt 19g and straps 19l to the draw-bar 1. Any other suitable and preferred means of connection may, however, be adopted. The pressure-cylinder 24c is closed at its inner or rear end by a substantial head 10C, which abuts against a back draw-bar stop 3", which is rigidly secured tothe center sills 5, and' at or near its front end the cylinder abuts against the front draw-bar stops 3, which are also rigidly secured to the center sills. The preliminary resistance element of this construction is, when the apparatus is subjected to strains of draft, a draft-spring 12, which is interposed between, and bears against, the

, outer side of the piston 23, and an abutment 10", whichris formed upon the pressure-cylinder 24 and-constitutes a partition between the space therein which contains liquid intended to be subjected to pressure and the lower portion of a liquid-reservoir composed of a space 25 in the lforward portion of the cylinder, and a longitudinal passage 28", leading from the cylinder-space 25 to the cylinder-space on the rear side of the 'piston23v and connected with the cylinderby ports 28,

32, and lcf. Liquid is transferred from the space containing the piston tothe liquid-rcservoir 25 28 when the piston is moved in either direction. Under butl'ing'strains the preliminary resistance clement is a buftingspring 12, which is interposed between and hears against the inner or rear side of the piston 23 and the back head 10C of the cylinder. A release-port 52S of small capacity leads from theoylii1der-spacc in front of the piston -to the lower portion Q5 of the liquid-reservoir, and a similar release-port 2S leads from the cylinder-space in rear of the piston tothe upper portion of the liquid-reservoir-to wit, the longitudinal passage QS". This passage communicates by a port 2SC with the lower portion 25 ot' the liquid-reservoir and also communicates with the cylinder 2l bytwo initial release-ports 32, located on opposite sides ot' the mean or normal position of the piston 2l, each being of sullicient capacity to admit of the free discharge of liquid without imposing resistance to the movement of the piston. Liquid may be supplied to the cylindetand reservoir through a passage closed by Va screwlplug 2G, and leakage of liquid is prevented by a properly-packed stutling-box 24C in the front head of the cylinder, through which the piston-rod 19 passes. The liquid in thelower portion 25 ol the reservoir not being subjected to pressure, the provision of a 'propeil\'packed stalling-box 2l? admits of the free traverse oli' thepiston-rod 19 in either direction without leakage ot liquid, which in the operation of the appliance passes from the cylinder into and out of the reservoir in accordance with the movements of the piston and is not therefore depleted by escaping to the atmosphere.

ln operation the pressort-cylinder 2t and reservoir 2S" having been supplied, but not completely tilled,\\'ith liquid, as indicated by the liquid-level shown in Fig. l, preliminary strains of draft applied to the d raw-har l are taken up by thedraft-spring l2, if within the capacity thereof. lf the draftstrain'is greater than can be resisted-bythe tension of the spring l2, thecontinucd outward movement of the draw-bar and dircctly-coimectcd piston 2S exerts pressure upon the. liquid in the cylinder B-l in front of said piston against the resistance of the liquid in being compelled to pass through the small release-passage The secondary resistance thereby instituted takes up draft strains in excess of the lpreliminary resist-ance capacity of the sprintr l. In the movements of the d raw-har and piston under draft strains which are within the capacity of said spring the sccomlait resist ance element is inactive, as the liquid which is moved forward by the pisloopnsses l'reoly into the reservoir through the left-hand initial release-port 3L. 'lhis liquid returns by ravity t0 the cylinder when the strain on the draw-har is released.

The operation under hnllngstraina issimi lar in all part iculnrs lo tl It alim e described oceano preliminary strains being taken up by the boiling-spring 12a and strains greater in degree by the secondary resistance instituted by forcing liquid from the cylinder-space in rear of the pistou through the release-port 28?.

Under certain conditions of service it may be desirable that a secondary resistance progressively increasing in degree should be afforded, and rneans-for attaining this end are shown in Figs. l and 5. The initial releaseports l2 are in this case omitted, and the rclease-ports 2S and 28 are located at suchldistance from the mean or normal vertical oentralplane of the piston 23 that they may re Spectively be wholly or partially covered and closed by said piston in its movements in either direction, and each is made of differential transverse areas throughout its length, these decreasing progressively in each port as by inwardly tapering or inclining the saine in the direction of the traverse of the drawoar and piston under strains of draft and bul'iing, as the caso may be. There thus heilig a progressivcly-decreasing avenue of escape for liquid in proportion to tho increased degree of traverse of the piston under strains greater than those within the capacity of resistance of the draft or the buffiug spring, as the caseiuay be, it will be seen that a correspondiugly-increasing secondary resistance will be instituted, the degree and ratoiof which may be adjusted; as desired hysuitablo proportions of the differentialy or tapered rcleasc-ports. 'y

The construction shown in Figs. G to S, inclusive, accords with that of vFigs. l to l, inl elusive, in all itsncharacteristic featuresl of construction and opcrationand, further, enables a snbstantially-incrcascd secondary rosistauce to be exerted. As in the construction of Figs. l to inw-inclusive, a pressure-cylinder is located between the center sills 5 substantially in line axially with the drawbar, and ils piston :lf3 is positively connected to the draw-bar. lhe piston-rod lilll is prolonged and extends into a second pressurecylinder l" and is provided with a piston if, which is fitted to traverse therein. 'lhc cylinder t? t is supported similarly lo the cylinder 2l in line axially therewith and is separated therefrom by an interposed head or partition 2l, the cylinders` and head 2l" bcingconneclcd togetherby bolts 135". 'lho rear end of the inner or second cylinder ill" is closed hy a stouthcad lo, which abuts against the hack draw-har stop Il, and the cylinder l'abuts near its frontend againstthe front duur-bar stops il". 'lho drat'tlspring l? is interposed between theoutcr side of. the piston 23 and :in abutment lll" iu the cylinder let,`

and the hinting-spring l2 is interposed bctween thcl rear side` ol.' the piston fill and tho back head Ilf. Any desired number of cylinders and pistons, disposed similarly to those shown, may be employmh A liquid-roservoir, composed of u space if in each cylinder and u lonnit udinul connor-tiiur-pzuisngo 3Q", in

ICO

IIO

Y 28 28al of small capacity leading fromoppoU site sides of 'its piston into the reservoirspaces 25 and yinto the' passage 28), respectively. The reservoir-spaces 25 are connectled with'the longitudinal passage 28" by ports 28C, and initial release-ports 32 of suihcient capacity to atord free passage for liquid lead from each of the cylinders on opposite sides of and adjacent to the mean position of the piston into the reservoir-passageQS".

In operation preliminary strains bf draft or bufting or those within the capacity of resistance of the springs 12 and 12? are taken up by said springs, respectively, asin the construction of Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive, and strains which are inexcess of the capacity of the springsare counteractcd by the secondary resistance instituted by forcing liquid by the movements of the two'co'nnected pistons 23 and 23 fromv the cylinder-spaces in front or in rear of said pistons, as the case may be, through thev appropriate release-ports 28 28 or '28 28". It will be obvious that the degree of secondary resistance will be increased proportionately to the number of pressure-cylinders which are employed, in the discretion ot the constructor.

In the instances above described, in which the hydraulic-pressure actuating mechanism is positively connected to the draw-bar, the draft and buing springs have, to attain economy of space and for convenience and 4 With the (l clearness of explanation, been illustratedas' placed within the pressure-cylinders. It will, however, be apparent to those skilled in the art that such specific location of the springs is not of the essence' of our invention and that they may without departure therefrom be applied exterior tozthe pressure-cylinders, if preferred.

We claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patentl l. In a draw-gear or buing apparatus, the combination of a draw-bar, a preliminary resistance-spring which is acted on by movements .of the draw-bar, afluid-pressure cylinder supported substantially in line axially iv-bar, a piston fitting therein, a piston-rod i innected to the draW-barand carrying said piston, a liquid-reservoir', and a release-port connecting said liquid-reservoir with the cylinder.

2. In a draw-gear or buliing apparatus, the combination ot a draw-bar, a fluid-pressure cylinder supported substantially in liuc axially therewith, a pistdn fitting said cylinder,

a piston-rod connected tothe draw-bar and carrying said piston, yfront and back drawbar stops abutting against the cylinder, aliqluid-reservoir, a release-port connecting said liquid-reservoir with the cylinder, and draft and bpfting springs, subject, respectively, to

compressivestrain by the movement' of the v draw-bar Yin one or .the other direction.

3. In a draw-gear or buiiing apparatus, the combination of adraW-bar, a preliminary resistance-spring which is acted on by movements of the draw-bar, afiiuid-pressurecylinder, a piston fitting therein, means for actuating said piston by movements of the drawbar, a liquid-reservoir, and a differential or varying transverse area release-port,adapted to bc'traversed by the piston and connecting the liquid-reservoir and fluid-pressure cylinder.

4. In a draw-gear or bufting apparatus, the combination of a draW-bar,a plurality of duidpressure cylinders supported substantially in line axially therewith, pistons, each fitting one of said cylinders, a piston-rod connected to the 'draw-bar and carrying said pistons,

-front and rear draw-bar stops, abutting, re-

spectively, against the end cylinders of the series, a liquid-reservoir, release-'ports connecting the cylinders with the reservoir, and

draft and buffer sprin gs,subj ect, respectively, v

to compressive strain by the movement of the draw-bar in one or the other direction.

5. In a draw-gear or bufling apparatus, the

combination of a draw-bar, a preliminary resist-ance-spring which is acted on by movements of the draw-bar, a Huid-pressure cylinder supported substantially in line axially with the draw-bar, a piston fitting therein, a piston-rod connected to the draw-bar and carrying said piston, a liquid-reservoir surroundinders.

ll. HERMAN 'WESTINGHOUSE FRANK MOORE. "Witnesses:

J. SNOWDEN Bunn', l2.. lli'ltiinnn IDO 

